B-cell lymphoma-2 phosphorylation at Ser70 site-related autophagy mediates puerarin-inhibited the apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells during osteoblastogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis regulated by puerarin during osteoblastogenesis. METHODS: In this study, the effects of puerarin on the autophagic activity and apoptosis level of osteoblast precursors (MC3T3-E1 cells) was observed. Subsequently, the roles of puerarin on B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) phosphorylation at different sites in osteoblast precursors were observed. The effect of puerarin on the interaction between Bcl-2 and autophagy regulatory molecule or pro-apoptotic molecule was also investigated using Co-immunoprecipitation assays. In addition, the effect of puerarin on mitochondrial membrane potential of osteoblast precursors was also identified by mitochondrial membrane potential fluorescence probe assays. RESULTS: Our results showed that puerarin can promote the autophagic activity and apoptosis level of MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, puerarin promoted Bcl-2 phosphorylation at Ser70 site, and the dissociation of Bcl-2-Beclin1 complex. Moreover, puerarin could enhance the binding of Bcl-2-Bcl-2-Associated X (Bax) complex in MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, puerarin increased the mitochondrial membrane potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, puerarin promotes Beclin1 into autophagy flux through Bcl-2 phosphorylation at Ser70, thereby enhancing autophagy of osteoblast precursors, which mediates its anti-apoptotic role during osteoblastogenesis. Furthermore, the dissociation of Bcl-2-Beclin1 complex is conducive to the binding of Bcl-2-Bax complex, which resists the apoptosis of osteoblast precursors viathe increased mitochondrial membrane potential.

Poison Ink: Robust and Invisible Backdoor Attack.

Recent research shows deep neural networks are vulnerable to different types of attacks, such as adversarial attacks, data poisoning attacks, and backdoor attacks. Among them, backdoor attacks are the most cunning and can occur in almost every stage of the deep learning pipeline. Backdoor attacks have attracted lots of interest from both academia and industry. However, most existing backdoor attack methods are visible or fragile to some effortless pre-processing such as common data transformations. To address these limitations, we propose a robust and invisible backdoor attack called "Poison Ink". Concretely, we first leverage the image structures as target poisoning areas and fill them with poison ink (information) to generate the trigger pattern. As the image structure can keep its semantic meaning during the data transformation, such a trigger pattern is inherently robust to data transformations. Then we leverage a deep injection network to embed such input-aware trigger pattern into the cover image to achieve stealthiness. Compared to existing popular backdoor attack methods, Poison Ink outperforms both in stealthiness and robustness. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that Poison Ink is not only general to different datasets and network architectures but also flexible for different attack scenarios. Besides, it also has very strong resistance against many state-of-the-art defense techniques.

Intervention effect of health management with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on risk factors in middle-aged and elderly high-risk population of stroke in the community / 中华全科医师杂志

From January to July 2017, 872 high-risk middle-aged and elderly patients of stroke who visited general practice clinics in 10 community health service centers in Shanghai were enrolled in the study. Cluster randomization was used to select 427 patients from 5 community centers as the intervention group, and 445 patients from other 5 community centers as the control group. The intervention group received health education and traditional Chinese exercise training on the basis of conventional treatment;while the control group received conventional treatment only. After 12 months of intervention physical examinations and related laboratory tests were performed,and the risk factors were compared between two groups before and after the intervention. The results showed that there were significant differences in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure,blood urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine (Cr) and homocysteine before and after the intervention in both groups (all P<0.05); and compared the control group the improvement of above indicators was more marked in the intervention group. There was no significant difference in cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein between the two groups before and after the intervention ( P>0.05). The health management with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine can effectively control some risk factors of stroke for middle-aged and elderly people, which is beneficial for the prevention and control of stroke in the community.

Current insights into the aetiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is associated with multiple physical and mental health problems among adolescent patients. This is a multi-factor, multi-system process of disease evolution. Patients with mild scoliosis can choose to receive conservative treatment with braces and regular follow-up. Once scoliosis progresses, surgical correction is often required. With the development of surgical pedicle screw technology, surgical correction has achieved good results, but other negative effects of long-term follow-up of scoliosis are not clear. This paper summarizes the existing AIS pathogenesis from the aspects of heredity, hormone, nervous system, skeletal system and biomechanics.

Effect of affected side upper limb pillow position on hemodynamic and safety of patients undergoing cerebellopontine angle tumor resection / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of upper limb pillow position on hemodynamic and safety of patients undergoing cerebellopontine angle tumor resection.Methods:Eighty-four patients receiving cerebellopontine angle tumor resection in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 were randomly divided into the experimental group (42 cases) and the control group (42 cases). Patients in the control group were placed in routine upper limb position, while patients in the experimental group were placed in upper limb pillow position. The data including systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate, saturation of blood oxygen were recorded on admission of operation room, completing placing body position, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after operation and after finishing the operation. The numbness/soreness of upper limbs and pressure injury rate was compared between the experimental group and the control group.Results:The rate of numbness/soreness of upper limbs were 2.4% (1/42) in the experimental group, 19.1%(8/42) in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 value was 6.098, P<0.05). The stage 1 pressure injury were 2 cases in the experimental group, stage 1 and 2 pressure injury were 6 cases and 2 cases, respectively in the control group, the differences were statically significant ( Z value was 2.039, P<0.05). Conclusion:Upper limb pillow position of the operation side can reduce postoperative complication of patients undergoing cerebellopontine angle tumor resection, but will not increase the risk of abnormal hemodynamic fluctuation.

Analysis on muscle force and injured femoral reduction force based on new muscle tendon model / 生物医学工程学杂志

Robot-assisted fracture reduction usually involves fixing the proximal end of the fracture and driving the distal end of the fracture to the proximal end in a planned reduction path. In order to improve the accuracy and safety of reduction surgery, it is necessary to know the changing rule of muscle force and reduction force during reduction. Fracture reduction force was analyzed based on the muscle force of femoral. In this paper, a femoral skeletal muscle model named as PA-MTM was presented based on the four elements of skeletal muscle model. With this, pinnate angle of the skeletal muscle was considered, which had an effect on muscle force properties. Here, the muscle force of skeletal muscles in different muscle models was compared and analyzed. The muscle force and the change of the reduction force under different reduction paths were compared and simulated. The results showed that the greater the pinnate angle was, the greater the influence of muscle strength was. The biceps femoris short head played a major role in the femoral fracture reduction; the force in the

Operation mode to prevent obturator nerve reflex in plasmakinetic resection of bladder tumor / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To observe the results and reality of transurethral resection of bladder tumor with preexcitation of electric cutting loop in the prevention of obturator nerve reflex.Methods The clinical data of 186 patients with bladder tumors admitted from January 2015 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 112 males and 74 females aged 35 to 83 years,average (59 ± 11)years.76 patients were admitted because of intermittent gross hematuria and 110 patients were admitted because of physical check-up.All patients underwent ultrasound,CT (plain scan/enhancement) and cystoscopy before operation.The pathological diagnosis of cystoscopy biopsy was bladder urothelial cell carcinoma.There were 105 cases clinical stage Ta stage,81 cases of T1 stage.There were 103 single cases and 39 multiple cases of non-muscular invasive bladder.According to the different surgical techniques,the patients were divided into two groups:the pre-excitation group and lateral incision group.There were 142 cases in pre-excitation group.In the pre-excitation group,the tumors were removed routinely by the resection ring.When the resection ring was far away from the tumors,the pedal switch was pressed to excite the resection ring.The resection ring was moved to the location of the tumors,and the tumors were cut to the muscular layer.The operation was completed after 2 cm electric cauterization around the wound and hemostasis.In the lateral incision group,the tumors were removed routinely by the electric resection ring.The operation time,incidence of obturator nerve reflex,incidence of bladder perforation,amount of bleeding,retention time of catheter,pathological grading,risk grading,hospitalization time and recurrence rate of tumors at 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups.Results The operation was successfully completed in both groups,and there was no transition to open operation.In the pre-excitation group,the operation time was 10 minutes to 56 minutes,with an average of (28 ± 12) minutes,and the intraoperative blood loss ranged from 5 ml to 70 ml,with an average of (35 ± 15) ml.In the lateral incision group,the operation time was 15 minutes to 65 minutes,with an average of (28 ± 11) minutes,and the blood loss was 10 ml to 80 ml,with an average of (40 ± 15) ml.There was no significant difference in operation time and blood loss between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There were only 3 cases of obturator nerve reflex in preexcitation group,the incidence was 2.1％.There were 13 cases of obturator nerve reflex in lateral resection group,the incidence was 29.5％.There was significant difference of nerve reflex incidence between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In transurethral resection of bladder tumors,the method of pre-excitation of plasma resection ring can effectively decrease obturator nerve reflex and make the operation safer.

Screening of stroke risks among middle-aged and elderly people in Shanghai community general outpatient clinics / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To screen stroke risks among middle-aged and elderly people in community outpatient clinics in Shanghai.Methods A stroke risk screening was conducted among people aged 45-75 years selected with convenient sampling method from 10 community health service centers in Putuo district,Yangpu district and Pudong New Area of Shanghai during January to July 2017.The questionnaire and clinical measurement were used for screening.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors in subjects with high stroke risk.Results In this study,1 094 individuals with high stroke risk were screened out from 1 750 participants (62.5％).The proportion of high risk cases was higher among men (66.7％,473/709) than that among women (59.7％,621/1 041),unmarried,divorced or widowed (75.0％,90/120)than married or cohabitants (61.6％,1 004/1 630),living alone (72.1％,70/97) than living with others (61.9％,1 024/1 653) (x5=8.969,8.571,4.081;P＜0.01).Compared with non-high-risk subjects,the high-risk subjects had higher BMI,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,total cholesterol,triglycerides,serum creatinine and homocysteine,and were more likely to have carotid plaques or stenosis,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that unmarried/divorce/widowed,high BMI,systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,and carotid plaque or stenosis were positively associated with high stroke risk(OR=2.015,1.173,1.013,1.456,1.139,1.026,2.103;P＜0.05).Conclusions The proportion of high stroke risk individuals among middle-aged and elderly people is higher in community general practice outpatient clinics in Shanghai.Patients with high BMI,systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol,and carotid plaque or stenosis,as well as those unmarried/divorced/widower should be the subjects for stroke intervention.

Infection factors affecting the recovery of kidney function after kidney transplantation and the Countermeasures / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of infection factors on kidney transplantation after organ donation and possible countermeasures.Methods Thirty-seven cases of kidney transplantation in Organ Transplantation Center of Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2014 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to perioperative infection prevention programs:42 patients with postoperative routine use of cephalosporins or penicillin for 2 weeks,and 95 patients with postoperative application of carbapenems + micafungin.Postoperative infection rate,occurrence time,pathogen infection;donor age,perioperative pathogens of donor and receptor (organ preservation solution,drainage fluid,urine,sputum samples),acute rejection,delayed graft function (DGF),diabetes mellitus,and the use of immunosuppressive agents were recorded.Results The infection rate in carbapenem + micafungin group was 12.6％,and the infection rate in cephalosporin or penicillin group was 19.4％ (P＜0.05).Pathogen positive detection rate of the drainage fluid,urine and sputum was lower in carbapenems + micafungin group than that in cephalosporins or penicillin (P＜0.05).Within 2 weeks after operation,the detection rate of bacteria and fungi in the carbapenems +micafungin infection prevention group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the detection of viruses (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the detection of pathogens among the two weeks to six months after surgery (P＞ 0.05).Donor infection,acute rejection,DGF,and diabetes mellitus were the risk factors for postoperative infection (P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of carbapenems and micafungin can reduce the incidence of infection for the early stage of DCD kidney transplantation.Donor infection,acute rejection,DGF and diabetes mellitus are all risk factors for the postoperative infection.

Chemical constituents from Securidaca inappendiculata / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk..METHODS The dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions of S.inappendiculata 95％ ethanol extract were isolated and purified by silica,gel column and recrystallization,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Ten compounds were isolated and identified as 8-hydroxy-1,3,4-trimethoxyxanthone (1),1,2,7-trimethoxyxanth-one (2),4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (3),sesamin (4),2-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxybenzophenone (5),1,3,7-trihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone (6),1,3,7-t-rihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone (7),2-hydroxy-1,7-dimethoxyxanthone (8),3,8-dih-ydroxy-1,4-dimethoxyxanthone (9),oα-spinasterol (10).CONCLUSION Compound 1 is first found in the form of natural product,compounds 2-4 are isolated from genus Securidaca for the first time.

Enhancing Soft-tissue Reattachment with Artificial Mesh in Joint Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Bone Tumors / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To investigate the operative method and clinical application of the BARD® Mesh in enhancing joint stability and function of endoprosthetic reconstruction for bone tumors.@*Methods@#From Jan 2013 to Jun 2015, the clinical data of 51 patients aged (44.75±23.18) years underwent wide resection of tumor and endoprosthetic reconstruction using the BARD® Mesh were collected. Among them, 27 were male and 24 were female. The surgical treatments received by these patients included 5 shoulder arthroplasties, 12 elbow replacements, 12 hip replacements and 32 knee replacements (including 24 femoral tumors and 8 tibial tumors). According to the pathologic type, there were 12 metastatic tumors, 20 osteosarcomas, 7 chondrosarcomas, 5 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 4 giant cell tumors of bone, 1 Ewing sarcoma, 1 leiomyosarcoma and 1 pigmented villonodular synovitis (pvns). These patients received extensive tumor resection, tumorous prosthesis replacement, preserved articular capsule and muscles repair with artificial mesh and endoprosthesis wrapping. The curative effect including joints range of motion and Musculoskeletal Tumour Society Scores (MSTS) were evaluated.@*Results@#The median follow-up time was (19.75±8.17) months. The drainages were removed out on an average of 4 days after operation. The postoperative complications included 2 superficial incision infection, 1 deep incision infection and 1 osteofascial compartment syndrome, infection or dislocation of prosthesis wasn′t observed. The mean active flexion of shoulder joint after replacement was (34.00±10.84)°, mean active abduction was (20.00±9.35)° and the mean MSTS was 19.80±9.54. The superior rate of shoulder flexion function was 0. The mean active flexion of elbow joint after replacement was (75.00±7.07)°, mean active abduction was (-5.00±7.07)° and the mean MSTS was 25.00±2.83. The superior rate of elbow flexion function was 50.0% (1/2). The mean active flexion of hip joint after replacement was (86.67±20.60)°, mean active abduction was (2.08±4.98)° and the mean MSTS was 25.42±1.78. The superior rate of hip flexion function was 83.3% (10/12). The mean active flexion of knee joint after replacement was (89.69±22.39)°, mean active abduction was (-0.63±1.68)° and the mean MSTS was 23.31±2.09. The superior rate of knee flexion function was 50.0%(16/32). Among them, the superior rate of femoral flexion function was 66.7% (16/24), the superior rate of tibial flexion function was 0. All of patients were satisfied with the curative effect of operation at the end of follow-up time.@*Conclusions@#The BARD® Mesh may enhance the attachment of soft-tissue to endoprosthesis, improve the joint stability, decrease the endoprosthetic infection and dislocation, facilitate the attachment of tendon to endoprosthesis and recover the muscular motivation after endoprosthetic reconstruction. This plays an important role in joint stability and motivation reconstruction of soft-tissue impairment, effectively prevents surgical complications.

Determination of Aflatoxins and Zeranols in Animal-Originated Foods by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Combined With Immunoaffinity Clean-up Column / 分析化学

A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric ( HPLC-MS / MS) method coupled with an immunoaffinity clean-up column was successfully developed for determination of aflatoxins (AFB1 , AFB2 , AFG1 , AFG2 , AFM1 and AFM2 ) and zeranols ( α-zeranol, β-zeranol, α-zearalenol,β-zearalenol, zearalanone and zearalenone ). The sample was extracted with methanol-acetonitrile (20∶ 80, V/ V) after enzymatic digestion by β-glucuronidase / sulfatase, and the extraction solution was passed through glassy fiber filter paper and then diluted with phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The reconstituted solution was cleaned up with IAC-AZ immunoaffinity column, and then analyzed by HPLC-MS / MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The results indicated that the linear detection range was 0. 03-6. 0 μg / L for AFB2 and AFG2 , and 0. 05-20 μg / L for the rest compounds. The correlation coefficients were above 0. 999. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 0. 01-0. 03 μg / kg and 0. 04-0. 09 μg / kg, respectively. The recoveries of the aflatoxins and zeranols were in the range of 73. 6% -98. 4% at the spiked levels of 0. 5, 1 and 5 μg / kg, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in the range of 1. 9% -11. 2% . The method was proved to be simple and accurate, and suitable for the rapid determination of aflatoxins and zeranols in animal-originated foods.

Study on Extracting Process ofSan Ao Decoction by Multi-indexes Grading Method / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To simultaneously determinate the contents of four active ingredients (Ephedrine Hydrochloride, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, Amygdalin and Glycyrrhizinate) ofSan Ao Decoction by HPLC; To optimize the extracting process ofSan Ao Decoction.Methods The orthogonal test was employed. Volume of water, time of extraction and times of extraction were set as investigation factors; the transport rates of Ephedrine Hydrochloride, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, Amygdalin and Glycyrrhizinate and the extraction rates were set as investigation indexes to conduct multi-indexes grading.Results The influence factors of the extraction ofSao Ao Decoction were the times of extraction > decoction time > the volume of water. The best extraction condition was: ten fold water; extract for three times; 1 h for each time.Conclusion The optimized extraction process is stable and feasible.

Effect of Heroin on DLG4 Expression in Hippocampus, Amygdala and Frontal Cortex of Rats / 法医学杂志

Objective To observe the expression of discs large hom olog 4 (DLG4) protein in hippocam-pus, am ygdala and frontal cortex of rats and evaluate postsynaptic density in heroin dependence. Meth-ods The rat heroin dependent m odel was established by increasing intraperitoneal injection of heroin. DLG4 proteins in hippocam pus, am ygdala and frontal cortex of heroin dependent 9, 18, 36 days rats w ere detected with im munohistochem ical staining and com pared with that in the control group. Results DLG4 proteins in hippocam pus, am ygdala and frontal cortex w ere gradually reduced with extension of heroin dependent tim e. Conclusion Heroin dependence can affect postsynaptic density of hippocam pus, am ygdala and frontal cortex. The changes becom e m ore apparent with extension of heroin dependence tim e.

Efficacy of Motor-development Massage and Neural Development Approach on Children with Cerebral Palsy / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To compare the effect of motor development massage and neural development approach on the children with cerebral palsy. Methods The children with cerebral palsy were selected with layered matching as they accepted motor development massage or neural development approach, and reviewed with their score of Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66). Results There were 24 children in each group. The GMFM-66 score increased after treatment in both groups, but there was no statistical difference between these groups. Conclusion The gross motor function can be improved in the children with cerebral palsy with motor-development massage and neural development approach similarly.

Study on Standard Revision of Portulaca grandiflora / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To improve the quality standard of Portulaca grandiflora. METHODS:TLC was used to identify the P. grandiflora with the reference of letuolin and apigenin. HPLC was performed on the column of Hanbon-C18 with the mobile phase of methanol-acid gradient[water-acetic acid(61∶4)] at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 335 nm,the temperature was 35 ℃ and the volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:There was a good linear relationship in the quality concentration of scutellarin and luteolin respectively in th range of 0.299 5-1.872 0 μg(r=0.999 8)and 0.015 1-0.094 4 μg(r=0.999 5);the RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were ≤2.61%. The average recovery was respectively 100.42%(RSD=0.81%,n=6) and 100.65%(RSD=1.64%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The established TLC and HPLC are stable,reliable,simple and can be used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of P. grandiflora.

Dynamic Changes of Ephedrine Hydrochloride, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, Amygdalin and Glycyrrhizic Acid in Different Compatibility of San-Ao Decoction / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This paper was aimed to study the dynamic changes of San-Ao(SA) decoction in different compatibility of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid.HPLC was used to simultaneously determinate the transfer rate of SA decoction of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid.Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm) column was selected with methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid as a mobile phase to gradient.The flow rate was 1 mL·min-1.The column temperature was 30℃.The injection volume was 10μL.Ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and amygdalin were detected at the wavelength of 208 nm.The glycyrrhizic acid was detected at the wavelength of 250 nm.The results showed that the transfer rate of ephedrine hydrochloride in decoction was more than that of the single preparation.The transfer rate of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond.The transfer rate of amygdalin was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond.The transfer rate of glycyrrhizic acid in decoction was more than that of the single preparation.It was concluded that there were dynamic changes in the boiling process during herbal decoction preparation.The effectiveness and stability of Chinese medicine should be improved according to these changes.

Efficacy of Motor-development Massage and Neural Development Approach on Children with Cerebral Palsy / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To compare the effect of motor development massage and neural development approach on the children with cere-bral palsy. Methods The children with cerebral palsy were selected with layered matching as they accepted motor development massage or neural development approach, and reviewed with their score of Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66). Results There were 24 chil-dren in each group. The GMFM-66 score increased after treatment in both groups, but there was no statistical difference between these groups. Conclusion The gross motor function can be improved in the children with cerebral palsy with motor-development massage and neu-ral development approach similarly.

Development of a QuEChERs Method for Determination of 20 Perfluorinated Compounds in Animal Liver by HPLC_MS/MS / 分析化学

A method for simultaneous determination of 20 Perfluorinated alkyl substances ( PFAS) in animal liver using QuEChERs and HPLC_MS/MS technique was developed. The samples were extracted with 0. 1%hydrochloric acetonitrile and cleaned up with C18 , N_Propylethylendiamine ( PSA ) and graphitized carbon blacks ( GCB ) . The analytes were separated by a reversed phase C18 column and gradiently eluted with a mixed solution of 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate methanol and 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate. The samples were quantified using isotope internal standard and external standard with the matrix matched standard calibration curve method. Good linearity was obtained for all the 20 PFAS at the concentration of 0. 1-10 μg/L with the linear correlation coefficients more than 0. 9995. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantification ( LOQ) for PFAS were 0. 05-0. 2 μg/kg and 0. 4-0. 5 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries at three different concentration levels ( 0 . 5 , 2 and 5 μg/kg ) were in the range of 70 . 3% -108 . 1%. The repeatability expressed as relative standard deviations (RSD) was ranged from 2. 1% to 11. 9% (n=6).

Partial safety of Ad-HIF-1α-Trip gene transfection on a rabbit model of acute hind-limb ischemia / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the partial safety of the recombinant adenovirus containing the triple-point mutants HIF-1αgene (Ad-HIF-1α-Trip)transfection in a rabbit model of hind limb ischemia. Methods After ligation of left femoral artery, 22 New Zealand whites rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: saline group(n=6), Ad-Null group(n=6) and Ad-HIF-1α-Trip group(n=10). After operation, saline, Ad-Null and Ad-HIF-1αwere injected intramuscularly respectively. The expression of transferred HIF-1αat mRNA level in the ischemic skeletal muscle and other important organs were detected by Real-time PCR 10 days after gene transfection. The body temperature, weight, blood, liver and renal function, as well as the myocardial enzymes were detected before operation, and on the 3th, 7th, 14th and 28th day after gene transfection, so that pathological changes could be observed. Results On the 10th day after gene transfection, obvious expressions of HIF-1αat mRNA level in the ischemic limb were found, but no expression in other important organs was detected in Ad-HIF-1α-Trip group. The blood routine, liver and renal function were all in the normal range (P > 0.05). No abnormalities were found in heart, liver, kidney, and lung HE transfection in Ad-HIF-1α-Trip group. Conclusion Single intramuscular injection of Ad-HIF-1α-Trip can be expressed obviously in the ischemic limb without detected damage of liver , cardiac and kidney.